BIOZONE'S BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

Our Biozone plants use the 4-SHIN Technologies to achieve its purpose

Nitrifica-shin
Denitrifica-shin
Clarifica-shin
Sterilisa-shin

Each Biozone plant is designed according to the specific requirement of each application, thus we are able to design any size plant accordingly.

STEP 1 - Pump Station

All effluent and waste-water gets collected in the "Pump Station" before it is biologically processed.
The advantages of doing this is:
A) The division in the tank seperates the solids thus preventing the pump from being blocked up,
B) Creating a buffer tank allows the peak to be less drastic and,
C) This tank operates as an anaerobic (without air).

STEP 2 - Reactor 1 and 2

Bacteria remove nitrogen from waste-water by a two step biological processes: Nitrification and Denitrification. The organic material and nutrients are removed from the waste-water flowing past the attached growth on the bio film while having air introduced (aerobic).

Bacteria colonies are grown on a submersed fixed film media where they feed on organic nutrients (sewerage). Oxygen is introduced at the correct levels in to the treatment tank (bioreactor) to encourage and promote bacteria growth. In so doing COD levels are reduced, nitrification and denitrification occurs and nitrates and ammonia levels are controlled rendering the water safe for recycling.

STEP 3 - The Clarifier Tank

Once the bacteria mature they die and the system scours them off the media. These dead cells are collected and recycled back
to the Pump Station. This allows the plant to generate zero sludge.

STEP 3 - Sterilisation/Irrigation Tank

The clear water can then be sterilised by means of an ozone or ultraviolet technology. Once sterilised, the treated effluent is ready for discharge, either by means of irrigation, or to return into dams or rivers. If required, further treatment will be necessary to make the water suitable for drinking.

STEP 1 - (Pump station) where all sewage and waste water is collected from the settlement.
STEP 2 - (Bioreactor tanks) where Nitrification and Denitrification takes place.
STEP 3 - (Clarification tank) where sludge settles at the bottom of the tank and the clear water seperated at the top.
STEP 4 - (Sterilization tank) where the clear water is treated either by Ozone or Ultraviolet and is now ready for recycling.

When installed the Biozone System will look similar to that depicted in this photo

DEFINING THE 4-SHIN TECHNOLOGY

1 - NITRIFICATION

The biological conversion of ammonium to nitrate nitrogen is called Nitrification. Nitrification is a two-step process. Bacteria known as Nitrosomonas convert ammonia and ammonium to nitrite. Next, bacteria called Nitrobacter finish the conversion of nitrite to nitrate. The reactions are generally coupled and proceed rapidly to the nitrate form; therefore, nitrite levels at any given time are usually low. These bacteria known as "nitrifiers" are strict "aerobes," meaning they must have free dissolved oxygen to perform their work. Nitrification occurs only under aerobic conditions at dissolved oxygen levels of 1.0 mg/L or more.

2 - DENITRIFICATION

The biological reduction of nitrate (NO3) to nitrogen gas (N2) by facultative Heterotrophic bacteria is called Denitrification. "Heterotrophic" bacteria need a carbon source as food to live. "Facultative" bacteria can get their oxygen by taking dissolved oxygen out of the water or by taking it off of nitrate molecules. Denitrification occurs when oxygen levels are depleted and nitrate becomes the primary oxygen source for microorganisms. The process is performed under anoxic conditions, when the dissolved oxygen concentration is less than 0.5 mg/L, ideally less than 0.2. When bacteria break apart nitrate(NO3-) to gain the oxygen (O2), the nitrate is reduced to nitrous oxide (N2O), and, in turn, nitrogen gas (N2). Since nitrogen gas has low water solubility, it escapes into the atmosphere as gas bubbles. Free nitrogen is the major component of air, thus its release does not cause any environmental concern.

3 - CLARIFICATION

In a physical water treatment process it is used to settle out suspended solids in water under the infl uence of gravity; to remove solid matter from (a liquid); to make into a clear or pellucid liquid.

4 - STERILISATION

Sterilisation refers to any process that effectively kills or eliminates transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, etc.) from a surface, equipment, article of food or medication, or biological culture medium. Sterilisation can be achieved through application of heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure or filtration.
Ozone is used in industrial settings to sterilise water and air, as well as a disinfectant for surfaces. It has the benefit of being able to oxidize most organic matter.
Ultraviolet light irradiation (UV, from a germicidal lamp) is useful only for sterilisation of surfaces and some transparent objects. Many objects that are transparent to visible light absorb UV which deactivates their DNA thus killing them when they try to reproduce. UV irradiation is also routinely used to sterilise the interiors of biological safety cabinets between uses.

Biozone Products

BIOZONE NOKAK SYSTEMS FOR SEWERAGE AND WASTE WATER

In today's world, the high cost and shortages of water and energy necessitate the provision for effective treatment of own water resources (such as on a Mine).
Recycling of waste water using appropriate technology instead of discarding in to overloaded Municipal Sewer systems, septic tanks, drains and rivers is necessary, cost effective and safe. The use of septic tanks for sewer treatment is no longer condoned especially in built up areas and the use of chlorine as a disinfectant is definitely disallowed. In areas with high clay content soils, a high water table or sensitive groundwater areas, septic tank soak-away systems are inefficient, out of date, often fail and contribute to surface or groundwater pollution. Download PDF